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Module 5 • Tribal Development & PVTGs2026-04-2012 min read

Tribal Development, PVTGs & PM-JANMAN in MP: Baiga, Bharia, Sahariya & Sickle Cell Mission

Target Exam: MPPSC State Services & Scientific Officer•Official Sources: Madhya Pradesh State Gazettes, Budget & Official ReleasesMadhya Pradesh State Gazettes, Budget & Official Releases

1. Demographics & Geographic Concentration of MP Tribes

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Demographic Scale: Madhya Pradesh houses the largest tribal population among all Indian states (over 1.53 crore individuals, ~21.1% of state population as per Census 2011).
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Major Tribal Communities & Regional Concentrations:
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Bhil & Bhilala (Largest Group): Concentrated in Western MP (Jhabua, Alirajpur, Dhar, Barwani, Khargone). Famous for Bhagoria Haat festival and Pithora painting.
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Gond (Second Largest Group): Spread across Eastern and Central MP (Mandla, Dindori, Chhindwara, Seoni, Betul, Hoshangabad). World-renowned for Gond Art.
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Korku: Inhabiting the Satpura & Melghat hill ranges (Betul, Hoshangabad, East Nimar).
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Kol: Rewa, Satna, and Baghelkhand region.
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Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) of MP (Must-Memorise 3 Groups):
1.
Baiga: Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Shahdol (forest dwellling, Bewar shifting agriculture heritage).
2.
Bharia: Patalkot valley in Chhindwara district (isolated bowl-shaped valley rich in medicinal herbs) and Jabalpur.
3.
Sahariya: Northern MP — Sheopur, Shivpuri, Guna, Morena (vulnerable to chronic malnutrition and tuberculosis).

2. PM-JANMAN & PMGSY-IV Tribal Infrastructure

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Launch of PMGSY-IV (May 2026): Formally inaugurated from Bhairunda in Sehore district, delivering major rural allocations:
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PMGSY-IV approvals for MP: ₹1,763 crore.
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PM-JANMAN Road Projects: ₹261.81 crore specifically sanctioned to construct 384.34 km of all-weather roads connecting 168 PVTG habitations.
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PMAY-G sanctions: ₹2,055 crore for pucca rural homes.
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Core JANMAN Interventions: Road connectivity, pucca housing, piped drinking water, electrification, mobile medical units, and 4G mobile towers in unserved Baiga, Bharia, and Sahariya villages.

3. Minor Forest Produce (MFP) & Sickle Cell Anemia Mission

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Minor Forest Produce (MFP) Economy:
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Key forest produce: Tendu leaves (green gold), Mahua flowers/seeds, Tamarind, Lac, Harra, Bahera, Amla, Chironji, and Bamboo.
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Shift from raw collection to value-addition: Processing centres, Van Dhan Vikas Kendras (VDVKs), TRIFED procurement, and e-commerce marketing.
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National Sickle Cell Anemia Elimination Mission:
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Flagship national health mission launched by the Prime Minister from Shahdol, Madhya Pradesh.
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High-prevalence genetic disease among tribal populations causing chronic pain and organ damage.
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Universal screening, genetic counselling, and digital Sickle Cell Status Cards distributed across high-burden districts: Jhabua, Alirajpur, Dhar, Barwani, Mandla, Dindori, Shahdol, and Anuppur.
Key Examination Takeaways:
  • MP houses India's largest tribal population (21.1% of state), led by Bhils in the west and Gonds in the central/east.
  • The 3 notified PVTGs in MP are Baiga (Mandla/Dindori), Bharia (Patalkot Chhindwara), and Sahariya (Sheopur/Shivpuri).
  • PMGSY-IV launched from Bhairunda (Sehore) in May 2026, including ₹261.81 cr for 384.34 km of PM-JANMAN roads across 168 habitations.
  • National Sickle Cell Anemia Elimination Mission was launched from Shahdol to screen and counsel high-prevalence tribal districts.
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Q1

Which of the following represents the three notified Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in Madhya Pradesh?

Q2

From which location in Madhya Pradesh was the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana-IV (PMGSY-IV) along with PM-JANMAN connectivity launched in May 2026?

Q3

Under the PM-JANMAN tribal connectivity package sanctioned for MP in 2026, how many kilometres of roads were approved to benefit how many habitations?

Q4

In which geographic valley of Chhindwara district does the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) 'Bharia' traditionally reside?

Q5

From which district of Madhya Pradesh was the National Sickle Cell Anemia Elimination Mission nationwide rolled out by the Prime Minister?

Q6

Which tribal community of Madhya Pradesh is famously associated with the vibrant pre-Holi cultural festival called 'Bhagoria Haat'?

Q7

Which forest product is popularly hailed as the 'Green Gold' of Madhya Pradesh's tribal minor forest produce economy?

Q8

In which geographic region of Northern Madhya Pradesh is the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group (PVTG) 'Sahariya' primarily located?

Q9

Which indigenous ritual wall art style practiced by the Bhil tribe of Western MP depicts horses, deities, and nature using natural pigments?

Q10

Which genetic health condition is targeted for universal elimination by 2047, with intense screening in MP's tribal belt?

Q11

Which traditional shifting cultivation method was historically practiced by the Baiga tribe before forest conservation regulations?

Q12

Which agency in India handles the institutional marketing and minimum support price (MSP) operations for Minor Forest Produce collected by tribal gatherers?

Q13

Which district of Madhya Pradesh hosts the unique medicinal herb biodiversity sanctuary in Patalkot?

Q14

What is the primary objective of the PM-JANMAN mission launched by the Central Government across tribal habitations?

Q15

In Mains examination analysis (GS-II), why is value addition to Minor Forest Produce (MFP) through Van Dhan Vikas Kendras considered transformative for tribal livelihoods?

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