BPSC Bihar Special • Current Affairs03 February 2026
Bihar Economic Survey 2025–26: 20th Survey Milestone, Double-Digit GSDP Growth & Socio-Economic Indicators
Source: Finance Department, Government of Bihar / Directorate of Economics & Statistics•Exam Target: BPSC 71st & 72nd CCE Prelims
1. Executive Milestone & Macroeconomic Outlook
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Presentation & Milestone: On 2 February 2026, Finance Minister Bijendra Prasad Yadav tabled the 20th Bihar Economic Survey 2025–26 in the Bihar Legislative Assembly.
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Double-Digit Growth: Bihar's economic growth outpaced the national average, registering a growth rate of 14.9% (compared to India's national growth of 12.0%).
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GSDP Aggregates (2024–25):
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Current Prices: Estimated at ₹9,91,997 crore (recording 13.1% growth).
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Constant Prices (2011–12 base): Estimated at ₹5,31,372 crore (recording 8.6% real growth).
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Net State Domestic Product (NSDP):
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Current prices: ₹8,99,020 crore | Constant prices: ₹4,71,322 crore.
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Per Capita Income:
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Current Prices: Rose to ₹76,490.
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Constant Prices (2011–12 base): Reached ₹40,973.
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Per-capita NSDP at constant prices stands at ₹36,342, representing 31.7% of the all-India average.
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District Prosperity Ranking (Per Capita Income):
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Top 3 Districts: Patna, followed by Begusarai and Munger.
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Lowest 3 Districts: Sheohar, followed by Araria and Sitamarhi.
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Patna District: Accounted for the highest per-capita consumption of Petrol, Diesel, and LPG across Bihar.
2. Sectoral Contribution & Structural Transformation
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GSDP Sectoral Share (2024–25):
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Tertiary (Services) Sector: 54.8% of GSDP (Fastest structural contributor).
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Secondary (Industries & Manufacturing) Sector: 26.8% of GSDP.
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Primary (Agriculture & Allied) Sector: 18.3% of GSDP.
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Sectoral Growth Rates (at Current Prices):
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Primary Sector grew by 9.6%.
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Secondary Sector grew fastest at 15.5%.
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Tertiary Sector registered robust expansion at 13.5%.
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Workforce Employment Distribution:
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Primary Sector employs 54% of the labor force.
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Secondary Sector employs 24%.
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Tertiary Sector employs 22%.
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Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF): Nearly doubled over 5 years from ₹17,416 crore to ₹34,905 crore in 2024–25, highlighting surging public-private capital deployment.
3. Public Finance & Fiscal Indicators (2024–25)
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Revenue Receipts: ₹2,18,658 crore (22.0% of GSDP).
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Capital Receipts: ₹66,165 crore (6.7% of GSDP).
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Total Expenditure: ₹2,81,939 crore (28.4% of GSDP).
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Revenue Expenditure: ₹2,19,015 crore (77.7% of total expenditure, 22.1% of GSDP).
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Capital Expenditure: ₹62,924 crore (22.3% of total expenditure, 6.3% of GSDP).
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Fiscal Deficits:
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Gross Fiscal Deficit: ₹41,223 crore (4.2% of GSDP).
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Primary Deficit: ₹21,544 crore (2.2% of GSDP).
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Revenue Deficit: ₹357 crore.
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Total Debt Outstanding: ₹3,74,134 crore (37.7% of GSDP).
4. Agriculture, Allied Sectors & Enterprises
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Agrarian Base: Gross Sown Area is 8,207.27 thousand hectares; Net Sown Area is 5,411.96 thousand hectares; Cropping Intensity is 1.52 (152%).
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Cropping Pattern: Foodgrains constitute 95.2% of gross cropped area (Cereals 89.2%, Pulses 6.0%).
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Livestock & Fishery Production: Milk production rose by 4.2%, egg production jumped by 10.0%, and fish production surged by 9.9%.
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Fisheries Sector: Total fish production reached 960 thousand tonnes, with Madhubani retaining its position as the leading fish-producing district.
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Flagship Agro Schemes: Mukhyamantri Samekit Chaur Vikas Yojana, River Ranching Programme, Jalashay Matsyki Vikas Yojana, Jaivik Corridor Yojana, and PKVY.
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Industrial & Enterprise Resurgence:
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Sugar: The historic Riga Sugar Mill in Sitamarhi was reopened in 2024–25.
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Dairy: Average daily milk procurement reached 2,252.28 thousand kg.
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Eco-Tourism: Outlay of ₹100 crore; establishment of Bihar's 3rd biological park at Raniganj in Araria.
5. Infrastructure, Power, Human Development & Demographics
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Road & Transport Infrastructure: Bihar shares 5.5% of India's national road network and 5.4% of railway routes. Road transport expanded by 13.4% annually. Six-lane New Ganga Bridge underway at ₹4,988 crore with ADB support.
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Power Sector: Per capita power consumption increased to 374 kWh. Both NBPDCL and SBPDCL won 13 Innovation & Impact Awards at the 19th India Energy Summit. BSPTCL awarded A+ rating by PFC for 5 consecutive years (2020–2025).
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Banking Sector: Credit-Deposit (CD) ratio improved by 4.2 percentage points to 57.5%. Commercial bank NPAs dropped significantly from 8.9% to 7.6%.
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Demographic Transition & Health:
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Total population growth rate dropped to 14.4% (2021–25).
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR): 2.9 (projected to reach replacement level of 2.1 by 2039).
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Life Expectancy at Birth (LEB): 69.9 years (Urban 72.8, Rural 69.6).
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Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): 23 per 1,000 live births (Urban 20, Rural 23).
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Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR): 104 per 1,00,000 live births.
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Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5MR): 28 per 1,000 live births.
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Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB): 906 females per 1,000 males.
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Women Transit: Dedicated Pink Bus service launched for women across 6 major cities: Patna, Muzaffarpur, Gaya, Bhagalpur, Darbhanga, and Purnea.
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